磁流变液阻尼器控制下贯流式机组轴系碰摩振动特性分析

针对贯流式水轮发电机组轴系受多振源引发的振动问题,基于线性接触力和库伦摩擦力组成的叶尖碰摩力模型,建立综合考虑不平衡磁拉力、油膜力以及不平衡水力等外激励影响下的机组转子–转轮–轴承系统碰摩动力学模型。为抑制转轮叶片振动诱发的碰摩故障,将一种电流调节式磁流变液阻尼器引入系统,采用数值方法研究有无磁流变液阻尼器在不同转速及转轮质量偏心下对转轮振动的抑制规律。结果表明：磁流变液阻尼器的存在使原本复杂的系统响应形式变得有序,能够减弱机组在转速变化过程中产生的振动,使转轮运动更为贴近同步周期运动形式;同时,可缩减因质量偏心变化造成的混沌行为并减小其振幅波动。磁流变液阻尼被动控制对贯流式水轮发电机组具有良好的适用性,可为贯流式机组轴系减振提供有益借鉴。     

小型农田水利工程设计研究

以南阳市社旗县灌溉工程为例．通过对水文地质条件分析与对关键数据的计算,对灌区取水工程设计、管网布置、电力系统布置做了研究,得出了井深为80m,井距为220m,共需建385座,水泵采用200QJ-32—78／6的潜水泵,电缆采用挖沟直埋,其中沟底宽300mm,口宽700mm,沟深1000mm的结论,该设计可以满足项目的灌溉要求,可为类似工程设计提供参考。     

预应力锚固机理分析

预应力锚固技术在岩土工程边坡已经得到了广泛的应用，在工程实践中人们对其机理还没有深刻的认识。现就预应力锚索加固的特点，对预应力锚固技术处理措施的现状及发展方向加以探讨。     

Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process in a new Tubificidae-reactor for minimizing nutrient release during sludge reduction

Nutrient release is reported as one of the main disadvantage of sludge reduction induced by aquatic worm. In this study, a Static Sequencing Batch Worm Reactor (SSBWR) was proposed with novel structure of perforated panels, combined aeration system and cycle operation. Effective simultaneous nitrification and denitrification were obtained owing to the stratified sludge layer containing aerobic and anoxic microzone formed on each carrier during most of the operation time in the SSBWR, which created suitable conditions for remarkable sludge reduction and nutrient removal. The results showed that the total nitrogen (TN) concentration, NO₃^?–N + NO₂^?–N concentration and NH₄⁺–N release could be reduced by 67.5%, 98.5% and 63.0%, respectively. And the soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) released by sludge predation was also proved to provide a carbon source for denitrification leading to carbon release control and substantial cost savings. A schematic diagram of the stratified sludge layer and the mass balance of the nitrification–denitrification cycle were given, providing further insight into the nutrient (sCOD and nitrogen compounds) transformation during the worm predation in the SSBWR. For the mixed sludge liquid of 3000 mg TSS/L, 30 mg/L sCOD and 40 mg/L NO₃^?–N, the NO₃^?–N and NO₂^?–N came close to zero, and the sludge concentration, NH₄⁺–N release and sCOD release was reduced by 33.6%, 63.0% and 72.5%, respectively, during 48 h’ predation.     

山丘区小流域下垫面数据精度对HEC-HMS水文模拟的影响研究

山丘区小流域下垫面条件复杂多变,DEM分辨率及子流域划分水平对分布式水文模型模拟结果的影响有待深入研究。本文选取小流域应用广泛的HEC-HMS分布式水文模型,在河南省栾川流域设置四种DEM分辨率方案及四种子流域划分方案,分别提取不同方案下的流域水文特征参数进行对比,并分析两种类型的数据精度对纳什系数和峰值模拟的影响。研究结果表明,与大中流域相比,DEM分辨率和子流域划分对山丘区小流域空间参数和水文模拟结果的影响要更为显著。在实际山洪预警预报工作中,为保证模拟结果的稳定性和可靠性,应尽可能选择高精度下垫面数据精度。     

Carbon mitigation in the electric power sector under cap-and-trade and renewables policies

In Europe, CO₂ emissions from the electric power sector and energy intensive industries are capped under a cap-and-trade system (i.e., the EU ETS). When other indirect measures are taken to impact emissions in a specific sector under the cap (such as a push for renewables in the electric power sector), this has implications on the overall allowance price, and on CO₂ emissions both from this specific sector and the other sectors under the cap. The central contribution of this paper is the derivation of impact curves, which describe these interactions, i.e., the impact on allowance price and the shift of emissions across sectors. From a set of detailed simulations of the electric power system operation, a so-called “emission plane” is obtained, from which impact curves can be derived. Focus is on interactions between CO₂ abatement through fuel switching and measures affecting the residual electricity demand (such as deployment of renewables) in the electric power sector, as well as on interactions with other sectors, both in a short-term framework. A case study for Central-Western Europe is presented. The analysis reveals a substantial impact of renewables on CO₂ emissions, and hence on emissions shifts across sectors and/or on the CO₂ price.     

云首水库设计年径流计算

为确定规划中无径流资料的云首水库工程规模,需要分析计算设计年径流量及年内分配.采用地理综合法计算了云首水库坝址以上控制流域年径流的均值、变差系数和偏态系数,获得了该流域在丰水年(P=20%)、平水年(P=50%)、枯水年(P=75%)和特枯水年(P=95%)的设计年径流量分别为2 393,1 198,654,318万m3.采用水文比拟法确定了年内分配.研究表明,采用地理综合法计算年径流的均值、变差系数和偏态系数,采用水文比拟法确定年内分配,可作为无资料地区年径流合理分析计算的方法组合.     

抚矿页岩炼油厂循环水系统改造

文章对抚矿集团页岩炼油厂循环水补充量大,耗水较严重的问题进行了分析,通过研究节能技术,提出合理的解决方案.     

小水电工程项目经济评价实例分析

以耿镇水电站为例,根据业主决策需要,从国民经济评价和财务评价两个方面,对该小水电工程项目进行了计算分析。综合评价结果认为,该小水电工程项目的各项技术经济指标良好,该河段水能资源具有重要的开发利用价值。